Eye exams are crucial to maintain maximum eye health and play a vital role in diagnosing eye conditions and diseases. Early detection is essential. Eye exams can detect a broad range of vision issues, many of which can be corrected.

Vision loss can significantly impact an individual’s ability to perform essential daily living skills, considerably reducing overall quality of life. Undetected vision loss can impact one’s career, and in young children, vision loss can dramatically affect long-term development and learning.

Early Detection of Eye Issues and Diseases

A comprehensive eye exam helps your doctor recommend any necessary vision correction to address various vision issues and refraction errors. Correction may include prescription glasses, contacts, surgery, medication, or other treatment.

Eye exams are also vital in detecting and diagnosing diseases that cause vision loss and blindness. Many eye conditions, such as glaucoma, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and cataracts, can develop over time and may have no early warning signs. A comprehensive eye exam helps your doctor diagnose these and other eye conditions early so that proactive treatment can prevent as much permanent vision loss as possible.

Did you know that a comprehensive eye exam can reveal systemic health issues? In some cases, an eye exam is the first sign of conditions such as diabetes or high blood pressure. Proper treatment of these underlying conditions is vital to reduce future blindness or low vision.

Timing & Frequency of Eye Exams

The American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) provides comprehensive recommendations on the timing and frequency of vision screening and eye exams, which include:

Childhood vision screening—Vision screening can help identify vision issues in young children. It can be done by a doctor or other properly trained health care provider. Vision screenings are also offered in schools across the US. From birth through the teens, eyes grow and change, so the American Academy of Ophthalmology and the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus have developed specific childhood eye screening guidelines.

Adult vision screening—For adults with healthy eyes and good vision, the AAO recommends a baseline complete eye exam in the 20s and twice in the 30s. Early baseline eye exams are essential for those with diabetes, high blood pressure, or other conditions that impact vision or who have a family history of these or other conditions that can lead to vision loss. The AAO also recommends a comprehensive eye exam at age 40, since early signs of eye disease often appear at this time.

Adults 65+—The AAO recommends that adults 65+ have an eye exam every 1 to 2 years since the risk of age-related eye diseases and other types of vision loss increase with age.

Read the entire American Academy of Ophthalmology Eye Exam and Vision Testing Basics, available in English and Spanish

Important: While these are general eye exam guidelines, it’s important to see your eye doctor immediately if you are diagnosed with any vision loss risk factors, including diabetes, high blood pressure, or others, or if you experience eye pain, an infection, sudden vision loss, floaters or flashes of light, changes in central vision or peripheral vision, changes in seeing near or far, or any other change to vision or the eye itself.

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Vision Rehabilitation and related programs and services provide tremendous hope for people living with blindness and low vision.